Kemampuan Isolat Bakteri Haloferax Spp dalam Meningkatkan Kemurnian Garam NaCl pada Proses Kristalisasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21771/jrtppi.2017.v8.no2.p92-103Keywords:
Halococcus spp, halofilik, garam NaCl, ramah lingkunganAbstract
Garam yang dihasilkan oleh peladangan garam rakyat tidak memenuhi standar kemurnian (84-90%), maka diperlukan pencucian garam untuk meningkatkan kemurnian NaCl yang akan digunakan sebagai bahan baku industri. Pencucian garam akan menghasilkan air limbah yang dibuang ke lingkungan sebanyak 1,5 m3 untuk 10 ton garam yang dicuci. Peladangan garam dengan menggunakan bantuan mikroorganisme yang hidup pada salinitas tinggi (halofilik) merupakan suatu teknologi alternatif dalam produksi garam NaCl yang memiliki kemurnian yang tinggi dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas garam NaCl yang dihasilkan berdasarkan kemampuan bakteri Halococcus spp dalam mempengaruhi faktor-faktor fisika-kimiapada saat proses kristalisasi garam. Penelitian ini terbagi atas dua tahap yaitu penentuan jumlah starter untuk kristalisasi dan percobaan kristalisasi. Parameter yang di ukur adalah absorbansi (OD 600), kemurnian NaCl hasil kristalisasi, kekentalan larutan garam (oBe), kekeruhan (transmittance), warna kristal, dan pengamatan mikroskopis. Variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian pertama adalah komposisi inokulum yang akan digunakan sebagai starter, dan variabel pada penelitian kedua merupakan variabel pembanding yaitu air garam tua dengan penambahan konsorsium halofilik, penambahan nutrisi LB (Luria berthani) dan kontrol berupa air garam tua. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa komposisi terbaik untuk proses kristalisasi adalah konsentrasi isolat 10% dan penambahan pada proses kristalisasi sebanyak 1%. Pada penelitian kedua kenaikan kekentalan larutan garam tercepat diperoleh pada perlakuan Halococcus spp dan kontrol+LB, kekeruhan tertinggi didapatkan oleh perlakuan konsorsium halofilik, dan kekompakan kristal garam yang terbaik dihasilkan oleh perlakuan Halococcus spp. Kemurnian NaCl yang dihasilkan dari penambahan bakteri Halococcus spp memiliki nilai tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya yaitu 94,64%, sementara perlakuan dengan menggunakan konsorsium bakteri halofilik sebesar 92,84%, kontrol dengan penambahan nutrisi LB 92,51% dan kontrol 91%.References
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